Causes of Genocide Essay - 1675 Words

Genocide is an action that is not unique to any one set of specific circumstances. It knows no bounds of time or location. From thousands or years ago to present day and on every civilized continent, the eradication of entire groups of people has occurred. The current definition of genocide was established by the United Nations in 1948: â€Å"(a) Killing members of [a] group; (b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; (c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; (d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; (e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group† â€Å"with intent to destroy, in whole or in†¦show more content†¦Perhaps one of the most relevant examples of genocide denial is in the United States’ history. It is estimated that in 1500 there were some 12 million Native Americans living in North America, but by 1900 this number had been reduced to 237,000 (Lewy). Yet while mass murders of American Indians were all too common during this time period, Ward Churchill, in his book A Little Matter of Genocide: Holocaust and Denial in the Americas 1492 to the Present, explains discussion of these occurrences is limited in early education and the media to only a few events such as the 1864 Sand Creek Massacre and the 1890 Wounded Knee Massacre so they may be dismissed as anomalies (2). He also explains that this denial is furthered in two more fashions. The first is the underestimation of the number of Native Americans living in North American prior to European colonization because â€Å"the deaths of people who never existed need not be explained† (2). The second is the image of the â€Å"warlike† and â€Å"aggressive† American Indian, which permits the murders of such savages to be portrayed as defensive and necessary when the true source of Native American aggression wa s more likely due to settlers ceaselessly encroaching on their homelands (3). Churchill likens this scenario to a hypothetical German victory during World War II, â€Å"When the Poles, led by sullen Jewish chiefs,Show MoreRelatedCauses Of The Armenian Genocide1508 Words   |  7 PagesThe Armenian Genocide began in 1915 and ended in 1923 when the Ottoman Empire dismantled and became the Republic of Turkey. The Ottoman Empire consisted of regions in three different continents which caused their empire to be multilingual and multinational. The empire reached from Southeast Europe, parts of Central Europe, Western Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa. The Turks, who controlled the Ottoman Empire were Islamic and some people within their empire were not, but thatRead MoreWhat was the Cause of the Rwandan Genocide?1116 Words   |  5 PagesInvestigation What was the cause of the Rwandan Genocide? The assassination of the president of Rwanda, Juvenal Habyarimana on April 6, 1994, was the event that started the 100 Day massacre of the Tutsis by the Hutus, known as the Rwandan Genocide. The objective of this investigation is to find out the root of the cause of the Rwandan Genocide. The body of evidence will investigate the history of the conflict between the Hutu and Tutsi ethnic groups and the events leading up to the genocide. The evidence includesRead MoreRwand The True Cause Of Rwanda Genocide1960 Words   |  8 Pageshas three main ethnic groups the Hutus, Twa and Tutsis. The hutus were farmers eking out a modest living from the land while the tutsis dominate the hutus with wealth and power their cattle gave them. The true cause of Rwanda Genocide was because of foreign imperialistic powers that causes indifference and hate among the tutsis and hutus. In the 20th century Belgium was in control of Rwanda, the Belgium rulers saw the tustsi and hutus as two separate tribes introducing identity cards that dividedRead MoreCommon Causes of War and Genocide Essay example1271 Words   |  6 PagesGenocide, or the systematic destruction of a race or tribe is an all too common phenomenon in our planet’s history and even more so in Africa. Genocide and war share many common causes such as desperation brought on by a declining economy. Experts on the Central African Republic believe that current events point to a possible repeat of the Rwandan genocide of 1994, in which over one million people were killed. Many think that U.N. involvement is necessary to stop the escalating violence in the CentralRead MoreThe Holocaust was the genocide and the cause of death for about 6 million Jews during World War II.800 Words   |  4 PagesThe Holocaust was the genocide and the cause of death for about 6 million Jews during World War II. The Hol ocaust affected many, including Gypsies, homosexuals, mentally and physically disabled, and anyone who did not fit the description of Hitler’s â€Å"master race†. Hitler was an anti-Semitist who believed in a superior race and killed many Jewish people by putting them in concentration camps. Adolf Hitler was born in Austria on April 20, 1889 to Alois Hitler and Klara Polzl. He was the 4th out ofRead MoreForeign Influence and Its Positive and Negative Impacts1285 Words   |  5 Pagesinfluence also causes conflicts. For example, Britain split up the Hindus and Muslims in India which led to years of fighting and hatred. The majority of people believe that there isnt a specific cause for genocide. However – as shown by the Sudanese and Rwandan Genocides—foreign influence, and the absence of it, plays a big role in causing genocide. Before exmaning the effects of foriegn influence in causing genocide, it is important to understand the concepts of foreign influence and genocide. The UNRead MoreThe Genocide Of Rwanda s Genocide1624 Words   |  7 PagesThe Genocide in Rwanda INTRODUCTION Genocides happen when ethnic divisions become apparent. Many times, these ethnic divisions were due to colonization from people of different race. These cases are especially true in Africa when Europeans colonized their territory, with clear racial divisions between them (Gavin). These genocides go on because of nations acting on ignorance and refusing to help out the nations in turmoil, allowing the genocides to continue, without wasting their own resources.Read MoreGenocides And Genocides Of Genocides987 Words   |  4 PagesAfrican Holocaust Genocide is a million African people being butchered by hand by their neighbors, with household tools and homemade weapons—machetes, hoes, and hammers. Genocides are commonly overlooked throughout many countries. Africa has had many genocides and wars occurring over the past century. The most known genocides are ones that occurred in Rwanda and Darfur. Researchers have found that most genocides show the same patterns and key elements. As different genocides of Africa have occurredRead MoreA Look at the Rwandan Genocide Essay1014 Words   |  5 Pages Thousands of people died. The only reason is because they were a different political party. There are terrible economies. People are suffering and have very little hope. Genocide is the only reason. Everything could have been prevented if genocide didn’t exist. The world basically ignored the genocide and pretended like it never happened because they didn’t want to spend the money. Thousands of people could sti ll be alive if the world stepped up at helped the victims of this horrible crime. RwandaRead MoreGenocide Committed during Second World War 1181 Words   |  5 PagesThe genocide committed during Second World War is one that still scars the human psyche to this day. The horrors of the Second World War lead to Raphael Lemkin’s creation of a new word, â€Å"genocide† in 1944 (Conversi 2006: 320). The definition of genocide is still under dispute by academics (Dallaire and Coleman 2013: 778; Manaktala 2012: 179; Hinton 2012: 11). For the purposes of this essay the definition used is the one created by the United Nations following the signing of resolution 240 (Stanton

Sickle Of Sickle Cell Disease - 2167 Words

Sickle cell disease is an ailment that specifically targets red blood cells, causing them to sickle into a cone shape and hinders the transfer of oxygen to other parts of the body. Lack of oxygen can damage tissues and cause major problems for the person affected. As a black male, I am very familiar with sickle cell disease. I have family members with the disease, such as my uncle who was very susceptible to illness as a child due to the disease. I remember him telling me how his body would ache as a child. I also have an ex-girlfriend who had regular pain episodes as well and had to go to the hospital frequently. I am sure plenty of my brothers and sisters of Sub-Saharan African descent either know someone who has sickle cell disease, is a carrier or they have it themselves. Sickle cell disease is categorized as an autosomal recessive disease. That means in order for one to inherit the disease, they must inherit two recessive alleles for sickle cell disease, or hemoglobin S gene. Ha ving only one recessive allele makes you a carrier. The disorder causes the affected person’s red blood cells to disfigure into a crescent or sickle, which differs from the normal red blood cells that shaped into a doughnut. Sometimes, cells in a sickle shape cannot get through the narrow passageways of the blood vessels as easily as normal red blood cells. This blocks blood from entering and oxygen can’t reach the affected person’s organs. It can also crystallize and block arteries andShow MoreRelatedSickle And The Sickle Cell Disease1369 Words   |  6 PagesThe sickle cell disease affects about 100,000 people in the America. The most common ethnic group the sickle cell anemia is seen in is African Americans and Hispanics. Approximately one in every ten African American and one in every one hundred Hispanic Americans have the sickle cell trait. Approximately two million people have the sickle cell trait in America. Approximately one in five- hundred Africa n Americans and one in one thousand to one thousand and four hundred Hispanic-Americans have sickleRead MoreSickle Of Sickle Cell Disease706 Words   |  3 PagesSickle Cell Disease Sickle Cell Disease or also widely known as Sickle Cell Anemia is a genetic mutation caused in red blood cells destroys its own cells within and reshaping the cell wall resembling crescent or sickle shape; getting its name of the sickle cell disease. These sickled shaped cells attempt to perform its normal function of circulating oxygenated and deoxygenated RBC and gets lodged in small vessels causing vaso-occlusion. Where vaso-occlusive take effect, rest of the body is not receivingRead MoreThe Sickle Of Sickle Cell Disease852 Words   |  4 PagesSickle cell disease was discovered in 1910 in the United States. Many cases came to surface after that, and it was clear that sickle cell disease is predominantly common in the African American ethnicity. Sickle cell disease is caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin of red blood cells. The most common, known sickle cell disease is sickle cell anemia. There is no cure for Sickle cell disease, but there was a treatment that help relieve pa in, prevent infections, and prevent organ damage. A drug calledRead MoreThe Sickle Of Sickle Cell Disease1381 Words   |  6 PagesSickle cell disease is a group of inherited blood disorders that affects the red blood cells, specifically the hemoglobin. This disease is very interesting because it actually is said to have protective advantages against malaria in the traits heterozygous form. Some scientists, along with students at Kenyon college, claim that the sickle cell trait has evolved or has been naturally selected because it provides vital protection from malaria (Camperchioli). This is mainly backed by the fact thatRead MoreSickle Cell Disease1368 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract: Sickle cell disease is a severe genetic disorder which generates deformed red blood cells (RBCs). These altered red blood cells can obstruct the blood vessels causing vaso-occlusion complications. The current management of sickle cell disease is symptomatic, with the lack of any specific treatment for vaso-occlusion. Some of the recent studies have suggested the role of pro-inflammatory activity of aged neutrophils and induction of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. In additionRead MoreSickle Cell Is A Disease924 Words   |  4 PagesSickle Cell is a disease that you hear about, but not as often as you should. It is an inherited disease, â€Å"the name derives from the red cells in the blood of sufferers and they take on the shape on a sickle (crescent shape).† Another name for sickle cell is sickle cell anemia, because in some cases people become anemic. With this disease comes low levels of hemoglobin, which is the red substance in your blood that contains iron and carries oxygen. Due to the irregular shaped cells this can causeRead MoreSickle Cell Anemia And The Disease1149 Words   |  5 PagesSickle Cell Anemia LaToya R Walker American Public University Systems Abstract This paper will discuss Sickle Cell Anemia. It will describe what the disease is as well as how its contracted. The paper will go on to on to discuss the symtoms risk and statistics of sickle cell aniema. The paper will end with discussing treatment for the disease. Sickle Cell Anemia Sickle Cell Anemia or Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a passed down blood disorder that attacks and destroys the red blood cells. This DiseaseRead More Sickle Cell Disease Essay1447 Words   |  6 PagesSickle Cell Disease Sickle Cell Disease is an illness that affects people all across the globe. This paper will give a description of the sickness through the discussion of the causes, symptoms, and possible cures. Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a group of inherited red blood cell disorders.(1) These disorders can have various afflictions, such as pain, damage and a low blood count--Sickle Cell Anemia. The overall incidence of SCD is eight out of 100,000 people. However, it isRead MoreSickle Cell Disease And Cancer848 Words   |  4 PagesSickle Cell Disease and Thalassemias Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) and Thalassemias are similar blood disorders with some important differences. Sickle Cell Disease is a disorder where the red blood cells are sickle-shaped, which causes them to stick to vessel walls preventing much needed oxygen from traveling through the body. Thalassemias has normal looking red blood cells, but the body does not make enough healthy cells or hemoglobin. This means there is a lack of oxygen because the body does notRead MoreThe Death Of Sickle Cell Disease1755 Words   |  8 Pagesjob for over eight years that has recently discovered he has sickle cell anemia, should be dismissed from his job regarding his genetic test results. Sickle cell anaemia is the most severe form of sickle cell disease and is a genetic disease of the red blood cells (Gibbons, 2015). Red blood cells have a disk like form which allows them the ability to travel through blood vessels. Although in people with sickle cell, the red blood cells form an abnormal crescent shape which makes them rigid and sticky

New Yorker Free Essays

string(144) " her assertion of the changing American military by using different first-hand accounts from anti-war veterans and former President Eisenhower\." Response distill Leper’s: â€Å"The Prism† Mr.. The violation of one’s privacy and different events that have aroused within history that regurgitate a violation of privacy is the theme surrounding this article. We will write a custom essay sample on New Yorker or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition to this the article Is centered around the Idea that as Individuals are defending their privacy more and more methods are being developed to try and invade that privacy, especially more so in this modern day and age because technologies are being developed that were unprecedented hundreds of years ago. Another theme expressed in the article is the idea that American culture today can e viewed as a paradox because many individuals love being seen and hidden at the same time, that the only thing that Is loved more than privacy Is publicity. Lastly, two big events that occurred and are currently occurring that reiterate a violation of privacy are the incidents with Giuseppe Amazing, an Italian exile in London in 1844, who had his mall read by the British government without his consent and the N. S. A. Collecting data online for years by tapping directly into the central servers of nine leading U. S. Internet companies. Personally. I believe this article Is quite Interesting and entertaining and Is tryingly supported with reliable sources and anecdotes. The author uses a certain literary prose and Biblical references in an attempt to capture the audience; and the author also structures the article In an effective way. For example, the article began with an anecdote about something not very well-known but then connects it with the N. S. A. And the current Obama Administration in order to improve our understanding of the event. This article relates to U. S. History because It Incorporates the Obama Administration as previously mentioned and at the same time it refers to earlier American history. For example the article speaks of Almagest v. United States in 1928 In which the court considered the constitutionality of wiretapping. Eventually Almagest was convicted but after serving three years’ hard labor was pardoned by Franklin Roosevelt in 1935. Clearly, this article has different aspects of the long history of the united States which Is one of the reasons It is such an Interesting. Capturing article. Response to Jane Meyers: â€Å"A Word from Our Sponsor† A documentary filmmaker, Alex Gibing, created a film called â€Å"Park Avenue: Money, Power, and the American Dream† which was centered on the growing economic inequality in America. Gibing uses the contrasting ways of the individuals living in the most expensive apartment buildings in Manhattan on 740 Park Avenue and those of the underprivileged people living In the Bronx as a case study. However by doing this Gibing puts David Koch, a billionaire industrialist who resides in 740 Park Avenue, under heavy scrutiny. This caused problems because the film was set to air on public broadcasting entitles such as PBS, WENT, HIGH, and TIPS and Koch was a donor to all these companies and he was also a trustee of both WENT and HIGH. Many of the head executives of each of the companies were not sure if they should to the many problems that came about Koch decided to resign from WENT on May 16 as he felt he was not supported as well as he should have been by the media organization he gave so much to. I believe this article is interesting and is applicable to young students all the way up to adults because it provides an insight into not only the growing economic inequality within American society but also the way in which the possession of money translates to power. The author does a good Job of presenting the information in the article because she gives different accounts to add more detail into the theme of the article which surrounded David Koch. The article relates to U. S. Story in different ways; one of them being that the growing economic disparity in America is highlighted. In addition the article states that the Koch’s were funding much of the opposition to President Barack Obama by organizing a compilation of advocacy groups. Also, it talks about how federal funding for public broadcasting has been dwindling and the government’s contribution only makes up a small percent of public broadcasting funds. As one can see this article deals with many current prob lems within the U. S. Which heavily center on money and its possession. Response to Jill Leper’s: â€Å"The Force† The article is centered around the topic of the amount of money the United States spends on military defense and whether it is necessary or not. Another essential aspect surrounding the article is the fact that individuals at the head of Congress that control military actions should not be in such positions of power because of the fact that many of them have never experienced active duty in the military and thus o not understand the troubles one faces during war. Also the article speaks of how the ideals of the United States military seem to be changing with the progression of time. Currently it seems that many Americans view the strength of the nation as stemming from the strength of the military; and that many individuals in Congress believe in the destiny that the United States needs to rule the world. Ultimately the idea that the United States’ military force requires some sort of limitations and perhaps needs to revert back to its original ideas of not having a standing army is the entrant themes surrounding the article. I believe this article is captivating because it presents information that truly affects the lives of us as Americans every day. The author does a fairly good Job of organizing the article in such a way that captures the reader because she shows the changing entity of the U. S. Military from early in American history to the present day as we wage in the Afghanistan War. The author supports her assertion of the changing American military by using different first-hand accounts from anti-war veterans and former President Eisenhower. You read "New Yorker" in category "Papers" Clearly the article relates to U. S. Story as the article is predominantly centered on the U. S. Military and the amount of revenue and problems that have been faced by the military. Ultimately, I found it quite interesting that the author mentioned that many Congressional hearings have poor attendance because many individuals that are a part of Congress do not find every hearing important. This came as a shock to m e because I was under the assumption that regardless of the hearing there no doubt had to be a great number of people attending because they all in one way or another impact the status of the intrigued. Response to Keeled Saneness: â€Å"Paint Bombs† This article is focused around the idea of anarchism and about a particular individual, David Grabber, who supports it. He was a part of the Occupy Movement that occurred on Wall Street and many individuals were struggling against the local government and police because they did not believe in the idea of a single governing body ceasing the majority of the power. Grabber states that if a new society were to be created that people would have the ability to have a wider range of options. A big topic of discussion surrounding this article was the idea that as the government egging to expand it is even more necessary to try and shrink it. At the same time the article explains that as the state/government grows it may be easier to imagine that one could live without the support of the government since the amount of direct help one would receive would dwindle. In addition the article speaks of how Anarchism may be on the rise in today’s modern world because of the fall of so many institutionalized governments, which is an interesting point. I believe this article is interesting especially because I was never really exposed to the ideas or history of Anarchism. I believe the author did a good Job of presenting the information and making his/her point felt to the audience. For example, the author focuses in on one particular individual whom practices Anarchism and gives accounts of his life while at the same time giving accounts of other individuals that support his ideas. This relates to U. S. Story in different ways such as when the author mentions that Anarchism has been on the rise in America because of the fall of the Soviet Union. In addition the author also mentions that current President Obama had to present his health-care reforms as an opportunity to reduce federal gadget; which has not worked out as planned. Also Grabber credits the Occupy Movement with preventing Mitt Rooney from becoming President; and perhaps if Rooney would have been elected President America may be a different place as we speak. Response to Jill Leper’s: â€Å"The Commandments† This article focuses on the American Constitution and the way in which it is open for a great deal of interpretation by Americans; and the fact that different people vary quite a lot on the way in which they decide to interpret the laws that lie within the Constitution. Perhaps one of the reasons that the Constitution is up for such a retreat deal of interpretation stems from the fact that it has its many faults as Benjamin Franklin pointed out when the Constitution was being originally drafted. In addition, the article focuses around the fact that very few Americans have actually took the time to read the whole Constitution and this proves to be a downfall. If we, as Americans, were familiar with what the Constitution outlined then we would be more apt to demand that our representatives in government abide by it. Also the article mentions that Originations argue that originals is the only legitimate way of Constitutional interpretation. In this manner elected representatives pass laws and the courts protect the will of the people by making sure those laws abide by the Constitution as originally drafted. Ultimately the Constitution may not be perfect but nonetheless it is every Americans’ rule of law. I believe this article is interesting and informational, however the author could have done a better Job of presenting the information in a way that captured the supporting evidence for the claims she made such as when she said few Americans have read the Constitution and she goes on and gives the statistic that 72 percent of bout a thousand people questioned had never read all forty-four hundred words of the Constitution. Clearly the article is centered on the forefront of American history and how throughout time many Americans have failed to cherish and appreciate their own Constitution as they have not taken the time to truly understand it. Ultimately, this article focused on the way in which America has evolved and progressed throughout time due to the structural foundation laid by the Constitution and to some America’s progression is not as ideal as could be but nonetheless something that has to be accepted by Americans. Response to Seymour M. Herb’s: â€Å"Last Stand† This article focuses on the Bush Administration and the way in which it went about handling the predicament in Iran as they began to enrich Uranium which can ultimately lead to the development of nuclear bombs. The Bush Administration attempted to make peace talks with Iran assuming that they halted their enrichment activity because they feared that Iran would accumulate nuclear powers and use it to cause devastating effects onto the U. S. Military. The Bush Administration was contemplating whether to engage on an attack onto Iran so that they would not attack the U. S. Forever it was predicted that the war would spread even more as a result. Another topic discussed in the article is the fear of angering Iran which perhaps could lead to them cutting off the oil supply to the United States. In addition the article speaks of how the state of Israel was in great fear because of rumors that Iran had nuclear bombs at their disposal and so Israel seeded out to the United States for assistance and protection. However the situation was difficult as a failed attack on Iran by the United States would lead to a multitude of problems. I believe this article is intriguing because of the fact that it is centered on such a regale topic that could potentially cause grave danger to the whole world; and for that reason alone it captured me from the outset. The author does a good Job of structuring the article by giving the details and ideas surrounding the Bush Administration and then at the same time giving the different opinions of high- ranking military officials and intelligence officers that was closely tied to the manner. In addition I liked how the author incorporated the state of Israel and where it stood in regard to Iran as a neighboring country. This relates to U. S. History because the policies of a former U. S. President are mentioned and the way in which those policies affected the country is discussed. A large scope was put on the United States’ foreign policy of diplomatic relations. Response to George Packer’s: â€Å"The Choice† This article focuses on the Presidential candidates of the 2008 Presidential Election; which were Hilary Clinton and Barack Obama. This article analyzes the different ideas and goals each candidate held such as the fact that Clinton took on more of an executive role whereas Obama took on more of a visionary role in which he believes that Americans can restore their faith in government. The personal autobiography it is revealed that he struggled with finding his own identity but that he solved them and as a result is comfortable with himself and the complexities of the world. However in Silicon’s autobiography it was seen that she always seemed to have something to hide as if she does not trust anyone to understand her personal struggles. At the same time there were many people who supported Clinton because they believed she was more committed to using power for social change and she will march ahead and let those who want to follow her follow her. Obama was supported y many as well as he looked to implement his vision of change with every American following him to achieve change. Ultimately there are those who say that in order to have won the Presidency Clinton would have had to change her own tactics and engage in more off leader position. I believe this article is interesting to say the least because it gave me a clear insight into how the Presidential campaign for the 2008 Election was structured and how it swayed the opinions of Americans. I am not very well-versed politically; however after reading this article I became more aware of the political make-up of American politics. In addition I believe the author did a decent Job of keeping the reader engaged because he did not solely focus on one Presidential candidate for a long period of time, but rather gave details about both candidates at the same time in order to more effectively show their differences. This strongly relates to U. S. History because it shows how American politics work and the way in which politicians try to gain votes and supporters. Also we are introduced to the reasons behind why the 2008 Presidential Election ended the way it did; and perhaps if it would have ended tit Hilary Clinton as U. S. President we could be living in a different America. However that what if question can never really be answered and the election of Obama as President adds on to the long legacy of American history. Response to Seymour M. Herb’s: â€Å"Torture at ABA Grail† This article explores the torture that Iraqi prisoners faced at the hands of American soldiers in ABA Grabs. Major General Antonio M. Taught reported the devastating wrongdoings of American soldiers on Iraqi prisoners and there was compelling evidence such as graphic photographic images. Images show that Iraqi inmates had to endure humiliating poses and engage in humiliating acts such as men being naked in front of other men; which are especially looked down upon in Islamic law. These abuses became public because specialist Joseph M. Dairy was outraged and demanded that the soldiers that engaged in such cruel acts should have been punished accordingly. In addition the soldiers that did treat the inmates cruelly stated in their defense that they were given orders by the military intelligence to treat them in that manner so that they could get information out of them. Regardless this situation examined in the article has caused enormous consequences for the imprisoned Iraqis and for the perception of the United States and its Army. I believe this article is perhaps one of the most interesting and mind-boggling articles I have ever read. I would have never believed that American soldiers would engage in such acts of violence and cruelty against a group of people that were basically innocent. I was disappointed in a sense to know that I am an American and feel we Americans should protect the underprivileged and not euthanize them and make their situation worse than what it is. But I believe the author did a good Job of presenting the information by giving accounts from different officials that were closely tied to the situation. I appreciate the detail the author gave when describing what the soldiers were doing to the Iraqi prisoners because it allows the reader to get a better understanding of what exactly they had to experience. This article is related to U. S. History because it speaks of how American soldiers treated a certain group of people and the way in which it left a negative image onto America and its history. Response to Jill Leper’s: â€Å"Benched† This article is centered on the Supreme Court and its process of Judicial review. Also mentioned in the article is the idea that what the people think about the Judicial review stems from what they think of how the Supreme Court is composed. For example, if the Court is liberal-based then it follows that liberals see the Judicial review as good. If the Court is conservative-based then conservatives will thus see the Judicial review as a positive thing. In addition, the idea that Judicial review is part of a larger struggle for the Judicial branch to be free from the constraint of the other trotter branches of government and be free from commercial interests (money) was expressed. For example many state Judges, 90 percent of them, run for office and as a result spending on Judicial campaigns has greatly increased with the progression of time. Also the article mentions that many problems arise within a democracy when the citizens of that democracy believe that the laws that make up the framework of their country are being bought and sold; as is the problem at times within the United States. Ultimately that is one of the big problems being faced by the Supreme Court, he idea of money taking over the constitutional framework. I believe this article was very informative and beneficial to read because it gave me more knowledge about something I did not know very much about. I found it interesting to find out that some founding fathers of the United States viewed the judicial branch as a weak almost unimportant branch of government. For example in the article there is a quote from Alexander Hamilton in which he says, â€Å"The Judiciary is beyond comparison the weakest of the three departments of powers†¦ Of the three powers the Judiciary is next to nothing. The author did a good Job of connecting older ideologies of American history with newer evolving concepts surrounding American history and more specifically the Supreme Court and Judicial branch. This clearly relates to American history because the article is centered on the Supreme Court and its composition and its relation to Judicial review; and whether that Judicial review is deemed acceptable by the citizens or not. Response to Steve Coal’s: â€Å"Remote Control† One of the topics discussed in this article is the fact that former President Eisenhower agreed with the idea of executing or overthrowing undesirable foreign traders because as he saw it political assassinations were a good alternative to military action. However it seemed as if Eisenhower method of executing political assassinations were not seen as effective as time went on so the presidents that followed put bans on political assassinations. The tide turned after September 1 1, 2001 when the Pentagon was bombed and President George W. Bush agreed to kill and currently the Obama Administration still utilizes it against suspected foreign threats. However the use of drones may in fact be leading to more problems than lotions because political relations between the United States and Pakistan, which has a growing nuclear arsenal, have collapsed because of the use of drones. Ultimately the question that has yet to be answered is, â€Å"Does America truly understand the repercussions of using drones to attack foreign nations? † I thought this article was quite interesting because it opened my eye to a situation I was not very well aware of. I never knew that the Obama Administration used drones on foreign threats and even more so I was not aware that President Eisenhower agreed with the idea of political assassinations. The author did a good bob of organizing the information into a condensed paper while at the same time still conveying his message to the reader. I found it interesting how the author linked the Obama Administration using drones to former President Eisenhower policy of political assassinations; the idea that the reason the Obama Administration decided to use drones came from the ideals of Eisenhower. This clearly relates to U. S. History as the article analyzed the ideas of a former U. S. President and the ideas of a current U. S. President; and the way in which those ideas have affected the United States’ foreign relations today. How to cite New Yorker, Papers

How to Manage Business Activities to Achieve Result - Sample

Question: You are newly appointed a a managing director of 'ABC company', a recruitment company. Some of the issues in the ABC company are as follows: Managers blamed for ABC company.s deficits The report blames poor management. Inadequate leadership and ineffective management are the causes of the worst deficits in the company. The problems have lef to reduction of thousands of jobs, close services and delay operations. Further, senior officials had taken their eye "off the ball", relying on short-term fixes to solve growing financial problems. It is crucial that boards and management get the basics right because financial failure is often a reflection of wider organisational failure. With the above scenario, you are entrusted with the task of advising on changes to be made to the organisation. You are required to develop a number of business processes for ABC company to improve effectiveness and efficiency of the overall performance of company and provide solutions. Answer: Introduction Here in this assignment, the researcher will try to effectively discuss how effectively managing activities in the workplace help in enhancing efficiency and productivity of the organization. The present study will be focused on the management structure of ABC Company, a renowned recruitment organization. In the first part of the assignment, the researcher will try to review the existing organizational structure of and culture of ABC. The researcher will also explicitly discuss the aims, objectives and mission of the company. The researcher will also try to recommend plans for projecting organizational objectives and goals for the company and alignment opportunity of human and capital and other necessary resources. In the later part of the assignment, the researcher will critically depict the system requirements which ensure quality standards of the company. The researcher will also try to include discussion on the improvement opportunities for the company which will stay in perfect alignment with the goals and objectives of the company. Here at this juncture, the researcher will conduct a risk assessment according to the legislation, regulation of the company. In the concluding part of the assignment, the researcher will involve discussions on the health and safety policies of the company. Identification of all Major Positions in the Departments and Drawing of an organizational chart The organizational structure of ABC follows a decentralized and functional structure in which the management of the company follows a hierarchical pattern at the top of which stays Chief Operation Manager. Under the top hierarchical position of Chief Operation Manager, there are positions for Finance and Administration Manager, Sales Manager, Technical Manager and Human Resource Manager. Under the strict supervision of Finance and Administration Manager, the employees of the company from the finance and administration department operate. The company staffs who work in the finance department of the organization use to maintain a strict eye on the overall income and expenditure of the company. The administrative level employees of the company provide an overall monitoring process over the daily business activities of the organization. The Sales manager of ABC Company has the responsibility of handling a team of sales executives who use to visit the promising clients of the company in o rder to persuade them to avail the services of the company. The technical manager of the company has the responsibility of maintaining an overall control over the installed information system of the company. The technical manager, along with his/her technical team, has to successfully analyze the requirement of the present information system, the necessary improvement that the present system demands and the resource capacity that the company has with which it can successfully bring improvements in the system. The Human Resource Manager of ABC Company has the responsibility of recruiting the most competent workforce for the company. The HR manager of the company also has the duty of evaluating the performance of the employees, reviewing the salary structure of the employees, handling their grievances and providing proper training opportunity to them (Paul, 2011). Figure 1: Organizational Structure Chart (Source: Created By Author) The functional structure of the ABC Company operates through a clearly distinct style in which no body attached with a specific department of the company prefers to interfere in the activities of other departments. Still there are ample traces evident in which it is categorically found that the employees of the company maintain a healthy workplace culture. The employees of the company use to extend their hands of support for other employees and a sense of camaraderie is clearly traceable. The company has ample faith in its management line and thus leaves the authority of making organizational decision on the shoulders of the mangers. However the managers prefer to adopt a participative leadership style and involve the subordinate employees in the organizational decision making process. Despite the availability of a healthy organizational culture inn ABC, the company has to suffer immensely from operational inefficiency. It is often claimed that the inadequacy of competent management in the upper level of the organization and the ever existent financial demands compel ABC Company to operate through several ups and downs. The employees of the organization even have to suffer greatly due to the inefficiency of mangers of the company. The company needs to impart immediate improvements in the present organizational structure so that the effectiveness and the efficiency of the management level employees of the company can be greatly enhanced (Uri.edu, 2015). Explanation of and Relationship between different Functions/Processes: ABC Company follows a functionalist organizational structure in which the employees of the organization are organized according to the roles which they are going to play in the company. The employees working in a particular linear structure of the company uses to perform same organizational duties and report to a single frontline manager. The companys each and every distinct department is usually managed by the head of that very department. The head of each and every department of the organization is answerable to the companys Chief Operations Manager. However, in case of making necessary decisions regarding the very operation of the department, the head of that very department has been given the responsibility of making the final decision. The employees of the organizations working in the different departments of the organization often have to involve themselves in collaborative work and a distinct sense of camaraderie is evident among the employees of the company (Page, 2010). Aims, Objectives and Missions of ABC Company and a Process Map As far as the aims of the ABC Company are concerned, the mission statement of the company clearly exposes that the company has the aim to provide quality service to its customers. The company wants to provide proper job opportunity to those who use to come with high hope to the recruitment company. The company tries to place its candidates only in those organizations where the candidate can gain ample opportunity of growth in their respective organizational position (Rieley, 2014). The company has a mission to provide improved level of customer satisfaction by fulfilling the commitment it uses to make for its customers. As far as the business objectives of ABC Company are concerned, the company wants to achieve a handsome 10% growth in the UK market within the coming five years of time. The company wants to enhance its client base at least by 15 % within the next three years of time. The company has a plan of business expansion in developing countries like China and India. The compan y is particularly careful about reducing the volume its customer complaint by an understandable margin. There are various business processes distinct in the very structure of ABC Company. The activities of the company can be broadly divided in three business processes. The processes are management process, operational process and supporting process. The researcher in this present study will try to critically discuss the supporting process of the company which tries to provide effective help to the operational process of the company. Among the major support processes of the company, the one which can get a special mention in this present study specifically deal with the selection of industries in which the company can find ample recruitment opportunities for its clients. The market survey executives of the company use to conduct a filtering process through which they try to highlight those companies from the very industry which have ample openings for bright and talented individuals. The process map of the very support activity can be successfully drawn in the following way: Figure 2: Support Process Map (Source: Created by Author) Elements Required Building a Quality Gateway In order to identify those elements which can build a quality gateway, it is really important to have a look at the Critical Success Factors (CSF) which ABC Company possesses. The CSF will enable the researcher to understand the quality of the companys final output. Among the major CSF of ABC, the first one is probably the companys ability to provide company specific recruitment to its clients. The company provides its clients the opportunity to select not only the industry in which they want to go to but also the specific company in which the clients wish to find a place. The second important critical success factors of ABC probably its successful implementation of an information system by accessing which the clients themselves can understand the present status of their recruitment process. The IT based system of the company allows its clients to apply online to their preferred jobs (Lewis et al. 2009). There is no doubt that the companys information system provides quick solutions to the grievances of the customers. The company, however, fails to maintain an operational efficiency due to the inability of the human resources of the company in providing speedy human operational processes. The third important critical success factor of ABC brings to the fore the closeness of the company with the various associations of the business organizations operating in the different parts of the country. From this healthy relationship, the company gets benefitted in numerous ways. The business organizations of the country prefer to select candidates from this very recruiting company. Even the news of employment creation in those organizations comes quicker to this company. By evaluating the CSF of ABC Company, it can be easily concluded that the companys final output is not altogether free from faults. The company needs to make certain improvements in the final outcome so that quality gateway can be established (Lin, 2014). Plan to Promote Goals and Objectives for ABC Company By evaluating the primary objectives of ABC Company, it can easily be mentioned that there is a dire necessity of implementing a proper plan through which the company can successfully achieve its goals and objectives even by fulfilling legal, ethical and regulatory requirements. In the very first stage of the planning process, the company needs to determine its objectives properly. It is really important to have a proper destination in front of the eyes even before starring the journey of visiting the destination. In the very next stage of the planning process, the company needs to fix its course of action necessary to achieve the objectives. In the next level, it is really important for the company to analyze what resources it has in order to fulfill the actions. If the necessary resources are available, the company should go for the implementation of the plan (Page, 2010). Recommendations Related to the Alignment of People and Other Resources: The theoretical concept of SMART objective brings to the fore the fact that it is really necessary to ensure that the objective which a business organization fixes in front of it should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time bound (Armandi, 1981). Figure 3: SMART Objectives (Source: Cameron, 1980, pp76) By following the very concept of SMART objectives, ABC Company needs to fix its objectives wisely. As far as the specific objectives of the company are concerned, the company should make subtle changes in the management pattern of the company. The company needs to reshuffle the managerial responsibilities among the existing manager and the newly appointed managers of the company. The measurable objective of the company should include that by 2018, the company should increase its existing client base by 15%. The achievable objectives of the company should include added customer satisfaction, better operational efficiency and speedy customer grievance handling process. The realistic objectives of ABC Company should include objectives like ensuring business growth in the UK market by 10% within 2020. The time bound objectives of the company could be like by 2020 the company will launch a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system which will successfully handle customer grievances and provide solutions to them in no time. Appropriate System to Achieve Objectives in the Most Efficient Way ABC Company should implement a proper system in order to fulfill both its short term and long term objectives. The company should design a system which will surely bring pace in the existing organizational operation process. The company can think of installing an IT based system which will increase the overall productivity and efficiency of the company to a great extent. The companys existing workforce should be given proper training about how to utilize this system. The new system should involve steady customer grievance handling process, easier process of application and online review of the vacancies that are available in the clients preferred sectors. Activities Meeting the Operational Plan through Effective Monitoring and Control In order to carry out the work activities which will help to ensure that the company is able to fulfill the demands of the customers to a great extent, it is essential to note the company is strictly following the operational plan and bring efficiency in the work process. The way in which the company can expect better efficiency in the existing organizational process should include the rectification measures in such a way that the chances of error can be reduced to a great extent (Paul, 2011). Systems required managing and monitoring Quality Standards of ABC Company In order to ensure the quality standard of ABC Company, the existing operational systems of the company needs to go through a transformation stage. It is indeed necessary to mention that the very first transformation should be imposed on the existing information system of the company. ABCs existing information system becomes back dated in compared to that of other recruitment agencies. In order to bring effectiveness and efficiency among the employees of the company, it is indeed necessary for the company to impart a tech based operational process which will automatically bring out the efficiency of the employees. Quality Culture to Ensure Continuous Monitoring, Evaluation and Development The operational efficiency of a business organization relies largely on the existing organizational culture of the company (Lin, 2014). A supportive and healthy organizational culture ensures increased efficiency and productivity from the employees of the very organization. Here, the managers and the employees of ABC Company is often charged with inefficiency. It is the employees and the managers of the company amongst them a sharp trace of unhealthy organizational culture is clearly evident. The maintenance of a healthy organizational culture will surely help them to increase their efficiency and a sense of fellow feeling and interdependence will help them to act as an entire unit. Recommended Improvements in alignment with the Organizations Objectives and Goals and Elements that Bring Continuous Improvements In order to bring healthy organizational culture in ABC Company, it can be recommended that the interconnectedness between the employees and the managers of the company needs to be increased. The employees and the managers of the organization have to give stress on the total unity of the organization. Here it is necessary to include that in the improvement plan section; it is recommended that the company should install a new information system which will successfully channelize information in every part of the organization. The very recommendation will prove to be effective here also as the new information system will enable the employees and the managers of the organization to clear miscommunication amongst them. Wider Implications of Proposed Changes within the Organization The wider implications of the impending changes can be felt in different ways. The impending changes would undoubtedly bring effective changes in the existing organization. Along with it, the changes will increase the overall productivity of the employees to a great extent. The changes will also help the organization to gain a well communicated set of workforce on whose shoulders the responsibility of the company can be undoubtedly bestowed The Way to Carry Out Risk Assessments Risk assessment is a procedure which needs to be implemented before every organizational transformation process (Jensen, 2003). Here also, it is equally necessary to check whether the companys existing operational function gets hampered due to this change implementation process or not. The implementation of a new information system will surely not bring any risk for ABC. However the company must have to ensure that it is not going to public any potential unsafe information. The Data Protection Act, 1998 should be strictly followed by the organization. Systematic Review of Organizational Health and Safety Policies and Procedures It is indeed necessary to review the existing health and safety policies of a business organization, as it ensures that the company is paying acute attention to the wellbeing of its employees (Camall, 2002). Here by evaluating the health and safety policies of ABC, it is found that the company is particularly careful about providing a safe workplace to the employees of the organization. However, in case of the providing medical benefits to the employees of the company, the company is only partially successful. Medical coverage is available only for those employees who are facing injury during the work hour. Practical Application of Health and Safety Policies and Procedures for ABC Company Certain improvement measures can be implemented in case of the safety and security policies of ABC Company. The company can think of implementing a medical coverage for its employees even when the employee is facing injury or physical harm outside the premises of the organization. The practical application of the health and safety policies of the company is indeed necessary to evoke faith in the minds of the employees. Conclusion Organizational productivity and effectiveness is a combined effort in which each and every part of a business organization must have to participate. The individual efficiency of the employees and the managers plays an important role in ensuring the desired performance of an organization. When an organization feels that its existing operation process is not in right shape, there is a necessity to implement changes in the organizational process and for this the business organization must have to formulate a proper planning. Reference Armandi, B. (1981). Organizational structure and efficiency. Washington, D.C.: University Press of America. Cameron, K. (1980). Critical questions in assessing organizational effectiveness. Organizational Dynamics, 9(2), pp.66-80. Carnall, C. (2002). Knowledge Management. Journal of Change Management, 3(2), pp.189-190. Jensen, B. (2003). The simplicity survival handbook. New York: Basic Books. Lewis, H., Lock, K. and Sexton, T. (2009). Organizational capability, efficiency, and effectiveness in Major League Baseball: 19012002. European Journal of Operational Research, 197(2), pp.731-740. Lin, P. (2014). A study on the expatriates, organizational justice, organizational commitment, job engagement, and organizational effectiveness. Acta Oeconomica, 64(s2), pp.53-68. Page, S. (2010). The power of business process improvement. New York: American Management Association. Paul, C. (2011). Alert and ready. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corp. Rieley, J. (2014). Building Alignment to Improve Organizational Effectiveness. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 33(5), pp.6-16. Uri.edu, (2015). Organizational Culture. [online] Available at: https://www.uri.edu/research/lrc/scholl/webnotes/Culture.htm [Accessed 26 Jan. 2015].

Castaway and Into the wild Research Paper Example

Castaway and Into the wild Paper Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer and Castaway, directed by Robert Zemeckis, both describe and explain the journey of two young men while living in the wild, and the mountains they must climb to achieve their main goal: survival. However, both men go through entirely different experiences for different reasons. Chris McCandless, from Into the Wild, decides to leave everything he has and to go on a journey through the United States, which takes him to Alaska. There he spend his days on an abandoned bus. He lives a very comfortable life style compared to Chuck Noland from Castaway. Chuck doesnt have a comfortable shelter, cooking devices or washing abilities that McCandless has. More importantly, the reasons why they are on their journeys are entirely different. McCandless chose to be in Alaska and to live on the land. Nolands plane crashed into the ocean, which forced him to be stranded alone on an island. Throughout these two stories, Robert Zemeckis still comes to the conclusion that when a man is trying to survive and when his life is in danger, he will do anything to live. I agree with this, I feel anyone would try to survive with all their might. Life is not something just to throw away. We will write a custom essay sample on Castaway and Into the wild specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Castaway and Into the wild specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Castaway and Into the wild specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Noland has experiences on the island which overall force him to survive. When first becoming stranded on the island, Noland seems terrified. Its seen as ironic because just before he was portrayed as a fearless and self-confident employee of a mainstream shipping company. Nolands first gut feeling when arriving on the island is to collect all the wreckage from his plane that floats up on shore. Zemeckis belief seems to become true at this point. After this situation, Noland collects boxes and builds his first shelter. This puts him on a mission for food, which overall forces him on a diet of coconuts and small crabs. After his first attempt of getting off the island was unsuccessful, it seems the only possible way for survival is to wait on the island for someone to rescue him. At this point, Noland decides the only way to get off the island is to live no matter what and deal with the obstacles he will have to climb over. Throughout the four years on the island, Noland generates a calendar, time system and wind patterns. Time is something thats not as easily watched on the island as it was when Noland was in civilization. Throughout his time on the island, death seems to throw itself at Noland. Receiving the skate with sharp blade, the box with angel wings, and his dead comrade from the airplane, seem to remind him of death. The thought of suicide becomes visible when Noland builds a noose out of a rope. However, the site of his fiancees picture is the only reason why Noland wants to survive. He needs human contact. He becomes so lonely living by himself that the only way for him to live and not to commit suicide is to create Wilson. He uses a volleyball as his means of socialization which over his four years on the island makes him more sane than he would be without it. However, talking with a volleyball only makes him live until his sail gets washed up on shore where he has an awakening, We might just make it. Did that thought ever cross your brain? Well regardless I would rather take my chance out there on the ocean, than to stay here and die on this shit-hole island spending the rest of my life talking to a goddamn volleyball, Noland explains to Wilson. Noland obsesses with the tide, getting off the island is now a must, Ive got to keep breathing. Because tomorrow, the sun will rise. Who knows what the tide could bring? Noland says. At this point, he makes a raft with his new sail and breaks away from the island with the right tide. Noland returns to civilization, where has life restarts.

Diet Essays

Smoking cessation and Obesity/ Diet Essays Smoking cessation and Obesity/ Diet Essay Smoking cessation and Obesity/ Diet Essay The productivity of every person is affected by his or her health status. Any country envisioning increasing its output must first check the health of its citizens. In the United States, the health sector is one of the departments that heavily use state’s financial resources to treat the myriad health complications that arise. More resources are being channeled to research on health problems to enable the country minimize avoidable diseases and treat those that have cure. Previously, the health policy focused more on curative measures but based on the studies that have continually added knowledge on causes of diseases, more focus is being given to preventive measures.Among the leading causes of death in the United States is cancer and diet related diseases. Cancer is the most feared disease in America and the major contributor to cancer is tobacco use and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Diet related complications have given rise to obesity whic h also contributes to many deaths in the U.S. Research has shown that obesity has extended to young children at alarming rates (http://deainfo.nci.nih.gov/ADVISORY/pcp/pcp07rpt/ExecSum.pdf). The rise in the number of obesity cases is mainly associated with some lifestyle behaviors that encourage unhealthy eating habits. Fast food junctions increased and caused similar increment to obesity cases. If the United States and the world over will win the battle over these preventable health complications, the overall productivity of the world will improve, according to President’s Cancer Panel 2006-2007 Annual Report.Governments and other organizations that deal with health problems have also proposed new approaches. Business entities have also been seen to actively participate in programs that serve to maintain good health in the workplaces. Indeed, many companies have defined health schemes in their profiles, a phenomenon that was nonexistent. Employers and the governments are aim ing at developing wellness programs as they strategize on cutting health related costs. Such programs are developed with the view of promoting a culture of wellness and individual empowerment regarding personal health.Among the current trends to curb unnecessary loss of life is by reduction of the numbers of people who smoke. The youth are the most prone to engage in tobacco use and they also contribute to the continuity of the practice. If tobacco is discouraged among this group this group, much could be achieved. Many firms in their contribution to this initiative have declared their working environment as non-smoking areas and set other places as smoking zones. Laws have been enacted to enforce these. The move is, however, opposed by tobacco companies that view the issue only in terms of profits.An important initiative taken by the government is aimed at reduction of obesity cases. Current trends indicate that half of the U.S. population is obese. The initiative is aimed at reduc ing the number of obesity cases among children especially those below 10 years. It is believed that this approach will contribute to the overall reduction of obesity cases. The initiative is targeted on children through their parents and the institutions of learning. These have more access and influence on the children (Jenner, 2005).The other trend that is increasingly noticed among the general public is the emphasis on exercise. Most health problems like obesity and other dietary and heart complications have been studied and lack of exercise had been a major contributor. Exercise is emphasized across people of all age groups more so the working population. This is because work schedules may be tight as to deny such people a chance to engage in activities. The workplace has received more attention as a leading cause of health problems and now focus has been shifted there. Companies are actively now involved in programs to encourage their workers to participate especially in sportin g activities. Exercise sessions are now available in some companies as well as establishments of sports teams. Companies have in fact been seen to encourage competition between these sports teams. However well meaning such activities are, they weigh heavily on the companies’ budgets. Various governments have enacted laws requiring companies to have health programs for their employees especially the high-risk companies dealing with chemical production. Protective gear should be availed by the companies, according to The Health Communication Unit.A most important trend is that aimed at improving diet and nutrition. As the major contributors to health problems, it is very important to adopt strategies to address them. Public education forums have become a normal way to raise awareness of the causes and preventive measures. These forums are aimed at the working people and in educational institutions. The government and other non-governmental organizations are aggressive in these campaigns. Though there lacks any law to direct this, the public health policy encourages raising awareness to the public. A change of lifestyle is proposed.Another important initiative to maintain good health is by involvement in research. The state funds research studies that are aimed at discovering the underlying causes of some health complications and the preventive method s that can help alleviate the impact on the individuals. Funding such research will always be expensive bearing in mind that health research may take several years to be conclusive.Good health cannot be attained unless it is a personal aim. The government may employ all the machinery to educate the public on the best ways to be health. But unless such advice is backed by a personal desire to engage in healthy practices, there will be no change to the already worsening situation. Discipline is highly demanded of all people. The personal desire should be extended to family and spread to the whole society. If he alth problems could be avoided, all persons should work to ensure this is achieved.

Wall Mart stores Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Wall Mart stores - Essay Example As I witnessed, the performance excellence becomes highly achieved by the firm. Wal-Mart has continued to colonize the global market through its relentless expansion (Edward, 2006). Wall mart has over the years opened new megastores nearly every two business days, and it has at the same time continued to expand on average into a new nation every year (Bonacich, 2004). Being a true global company, Wall Mart has redefined and changed the shopping experience for each and every American customer.I managed to see the employees of the firm work. They give the necessary human resources that move the engine of production of goods and marketing of the produced goods (Chazen, 2002). They work tirelessly to ensure that customers get served well. Without them, the company is unlikely to function even if there exists customers and shareholders ready to purchase the goods offered by the company. Employees of Wall Mart are valuable since they are the ones selling and marketing the products to consu mers (Bonaich, 2004). They take all the necessary procedures to make sure that they perform over the set limits. Suppliers of the goods and services are vital as they provide the goods which the company depends on to produce or sell its outputs (Chazen, 2002). Without them, marketing and production become rendered null and void. I saw how the organization relates with the community in their activities. Society impacts the organization in a big way (Ruta, 2009). Even though, they gain economically.... Employees of Wall Mart are valuable since they are the ones selling and marketing the products to consumers (Bonaich, 2004). They take all the necessary procedures to make sure that they perform over the set limits. Suppliers of the goods and services are vital as they provide the goods which the company depends on to produce or sell its outputs (Chazen, 2002). Without them, marketing and production become rendered null and void. I saw how the organization relates with the community in their activities. Society impacts the organization in a big way (Ruta, 2009). Even though, they gain economically from the company, they require protection from unethical, unjust, illegal and irresponsible acts by the company (Feser, 2011). Through the use of pressure groups, protests, and also the legal system, the community regulates the company’s behavior. The company is working extra hard to ensure a positive impact to the society. In my tour of the organization, I noticed that the organizat ion has a unique, competitive environment. Although the company’s main competition comes from local merchandise retailers, a number of warehouse clubs and also, supermarket retailers (Bonaich, 2004). The company’s retailing industry is immense in size and is always experiencing a number of growths and changes (Chazen, 2002). The main competitors compete both in the national and international market. There is massive competition on the pricing, layout, location, store size, environment and also technology and innovation (Griffin, 2010). Nevertheless, the firm is performing beyond expectations. The market Wall mart is in gets characterized by large economies of scale

Assignment 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 11

Assignment 1 - Essay Example He made various publications on nature such as the Catalogue of Cambridge Plants in the year 1660 and 1713’s Synopsis Methodica Avium et Piscium. Most of his publications were based on natural aspects such as fish, insects, mammals, plants, and birds. In his publications, he brought order to the mass of names that were in use by other naturalists. His greatest contribution and one that he is known for incorporates development of a classification system for different organisms. His classification system was the most original to classify flowering plants as either docots or monocots. Other naturalists such as Linnaeus classified the same under a single system; floral classification system. Ray’s classification was better and more precise because it expressed similarities as well as differences in a more fully manner. This system greatly influenced works by other botanists and replaced the systems based on one feature. This classification system is still relevant in the co ntemporary world indicating how important John Ray had been through his

International Human Resourse Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

International Human Resourse Management - Essay Example However, in the recent years, the relationship has improved. The mining deals between Congo and China are based on a win-win strategy whereby China assists the country to develop its infrastructure as China gains in terms of raw materials. Despite this, there have been controversies over the deals with some people seeing the deals as only beneficial to China alone. Investment in Congo by China through the state supported CHINALCO has been faced with controversies. The major issue is on the employment and management of human resources. In the recent years, China has grown to be a very ecumenically influential country. The economy of China has developed to one of the highest in the world. Its influence in manufacturing and technology is felt everywhere (Alden, Large, 2008, 67). Chinese products are found in every country. The economic development in China has come with challenges to the Chinese. To sustain the development, a lot of raw materials are required. The manufacturing industry in the country requires a lot of fuel in terms of oil. Unfortunately, China does not have enough raw materials. Thus, China opts to import the raw materials from other countries. Africa has been the best option for importing the raw materials from. Most of the African countries also have resources that have not been exploited. In addition, most of the African countries are underdeveloped, faced with poverty and without capital to develop their natural resources. Due to this situation, most African countries welcome foreign investment from Chinese firms. Chinese foreign investment is aimed at acquiring control over mining industries. The manufacturing industry in China requires a lot of minerals which amount to thousands of tonnes. These minerals are not available in the country and China has to source for minerals from foreign countries. The prices of minerals and other resources in most developed countries are high (Alden, Large, 2008, 78). Most Chinese companies that deal in the mining industry deal with minerals that are required in the manufacturing companies in the country. Thus, most of the foreign investors receive government support to invest in other countries. Most of the Chinese government's support to their foreign investors comes in form of subsidies. The government also invests in infrastructure in the host countries to make the environment for business to be better (BBC, 2008, 1). In addition, the Chinese government makes deals with the host country to make the business environment favourable. The minerals which China has been interested with include: Oil, Cobalt, Cooper, Diamond and other minerals. The success of China in the mining industries of other countries has been contributed to by their different acquisition approaches. The deals between Chinese companies and the host countries allow the Chinese companies to exploit the natural resources while the Chinese government assists in the development of the countries' infrastructures. The growth of the Chinese economy has led to the development of

Quantas Airlines Marketing Analysis

Quantas Airlines Marketing Analysis The report examines about marketing objectives in hospitality in Qantas airlines. Qantas is Australians largest airlines and one of the oldest airlines in the world. It is the Australian main airlines. Our main hubs airport is Sydney airport, Melbourne airport in Australia. We focus on some cities London Heathrow airport and Cairns international airport. Total employees working with Qantas 33,584(2012).Qantas have own website www.qantas.co.au.In our organisation we always fulfil customer requirements and needs. TASK ONE 2 Situation analysis. 2.1. Brief description about Qantas: Qantas was founded in Winton, Queensland on 16 November 1920 as Queensland and northern services limited by Paul McGinnis, Hudson fish, Fergus McMaster and Arthur Baird. Qantas Empire Airlines (QEA) limited was formed in 1934 by Qantas. They flying internationally from May 1935, when the service from Darwin was extended to Singapore in 1947. In 1958, Qantas operated the second flight by super service from Australia to London through Asia and the Middle East. Qantas operated a significant number of international flights out of Singapore, Auckland airport, Brisbane airport, Los Angeles and London Heathrow airports Qantas one of the most profitable airlines in the world. In 2008 the first Qantas airbus A380 was handed over by airbus at a ceremony on 19 September. Melbourne to los angles was the first route of A380. Where fitted with Qantas organisation: Qantas fitted their organisation on travel sector. Qantas linked with the development of Australian industry. Qantas is widely regarded ones leading long distance airline and one of the strong brands in Australia. Qantas provide outstanding service to their customer and do the great contribution of worlds aviation industry. As a travel organisation we built excellence in safety, operational reliability and customer service. The Qantas main business is transportation customer to one place to another place using two brand airlines Qantas and jester. Qantas operate regional, domestic and international service. We provide the best services in order to gain customer loyalty. As travel sector Qantas go the following mile stone which one is the good for the travel sector. Where Qantas fitted their main element is transportation. In operating is significant large to bring travel and tourist industry. In terms total group operations, total passengers carried increased 3.5% in 2011/2012.The mo re increasing passenger kilometre by 3.15 in the financial year 2011/2012.In our organisation is hospitality sector. 2.2. Identification of Qantas main stake holder and their interest: a. Internal stake holder: Qantas Stuff: Stuff do the great contribution in any organization. our Stuff perform specific duties in most modern economics. They defined relationship between individual and corporation if any customers unhappy with our service than stuff motivated them. Stuff always look after their customer. Qantas Manager: Manager is good element of any organisation. They contribute their skill, knowledge, experience, expertise return salary, status, payment and bonus. If Customer not happy with stuffs or their have any problem then manager directly talks with customer. Qantas workforce: Organization hiring the skills and receiving bonus, wages and promotions. Qantas always recruit qualified employees. Those people get the different type of bonus, promotion. We want offer you a skilled, experienced person if they do good job properly then we keep you for this job if you happy. Qantas shareholder: Shareholder who invest money and they expected profit. Thats why they spend a lot of money. So as organization shareholders contribute lots of thing. Whose are invest money for our Qantas they our entire internal stake holder. Shareholder always invest when they think that is the profitable for them. Shareholder always linked with sustainability and risk management. b. External stake holder: Customer The core of product or services is to provide the best services to customers. Customer who buy our product or service and give us money. Qantas always want to fulfil customer needs and expectation Customer is the external stakeholder in Qantas airlines. Our Qantas always follows customer needs their requirements. Insurance company Insurance company are the external stakeholder of our company. when our customer go one place to another place they need to life security. thats why our life insurance provide that type of facility. Qantas supplier: Qantas have different type of supplier food supplier ,fuel supplier. Some of company provide good food for our airlines customer. When our airline landed then airlines need fuel. A petroleum company provide fuel. Government: Government gave some policy. When we run our Qantas organization we always follow government rules and regulation. Qantas provide government tax, vat. Government is our external stake holder. Agent: When our customer wants to go one place to another place. Then they need to be ticket. Agent give them ticket and everything. Qantas travel agency they do that job. They sell our ticket and take from us percentage. So agent is the good point as organization and customer. We have more some external stake holder include hotel, restaurant, and car rental organization. 2.3. PESTLE ANALISIS OF QANTAS AIRLINES Pestle analysis is component of strategic management describes a framework of macro-environmental factors. The PESTLE analysis is important for the marketing development (Johnson and Scholes, 1999).PESTLE analysis using for business position, market up and down. Using PESTLE we now describe how it is work for Qantas. (P)olitical: Political factor is very important part for airlines industries. The political issues Qantas problem includes political stability, corruption and tax. Qantas stable with strong politic countries to run their business. British airways and Qantas limited are considering a potential which is considered the most ambitious initiatives process of worlds aviations industry. Qantas have license to run their business. Qantas keep of oil under the control of organisation of the petroleum exporting countries can lead to fuel price. (T)echnological The technological innovated development has Qantas airways. The two new aero planes do non-stop flying between two continents. Qantas have online booking system. Where ever our customer they can book tickets via the online. High technology can rising customer expectation. Qantas always use high technology product and service. They have developed the worlds most advanced aeroplanes 380A and B747.These really improved the convenience of flying. (E)conomical: Economic issues are other aspects of aviation industry. Inflation of currency rates can affect the Qantas where they leads to unstable of economy. At this time financial recession turned into the economic crisis, Qantas Airways Limited will inevitably be affected. Foreign change rates can affect Qantas airlines.. Customer is everything is an organization. The financial report 30 June 2009 revenue was $14.3 billion but in 2012 it reduced $13.6 billion. The profit of Qantas in the financial year was $117 million AS 30 June 2009 it reduced $112 million. (S)ocio- cultural: Qantas has lots of variety customer. The airlines industry showed a great influence on the Australian life. Brand identity is important (Campbell,1999) for an airline industries. Qantas has strong brand identity thats why they using Australian national symbol.. Australian government recently released an article on the report of the status of the airlines industry. Qantas brand quality knows all over the world. Qantas offers different type of service using low cost prices to customer purchasing behaviour. (E)nvironmental: Where we situated our Qantas organization is their environment friendly or not. our Qantas wastages of fuel it is not good for environment. It could be pollute our environment. In our customer uses the cloth. After using cloth it is rubbish put on the bean. We must follow the Qantas uses the environment protection system. Qantas sometimes decrease emission of fuel. (L)egal: Legal aspects are important for Qantas airlines. Qantas maintaining health and safety rules for the customer and employees. They are following food and hygiene roles. Qantas industry must follow the employment rules and regulation. That law maintains all of employee customer. Anybody can not smoke in airlines. 2.4. Main marketing issues of Qantas airlines: Qantas position in international airline market is more than in the domestic market. When All over the world have lots of airlines. They are competitor each others. Qantas face strong competition among other airlines. It is very difficult to Qantas increase their sales to focus on their market segments. Qantas always try to give their customer proper products and service. Qantas fulfil their expectation and needs. Thats why Qantas follow the market segments issues. Market segments can be increase their customer. Qantas airline acquire effective marketing mix strategy promote product service. Every organisation follows the marketing mix strategy. As an airlines company Qantas always want to promote their business. TASK TWO 3. Marketing strategy: Marketing strategy is based in macro environment and micro environment scan through of stakeholders such as stuff public, intermediaries, customers, suppliers competitors to the target market. Qantas segmentation: Market segmentation divided of a market different type of customer with same needs. The purpose of market segmentation is ensure that the elements of marketing mix design to different customer specific needs. A marketing termÂÂ  referring toÂÂ  the aggregating of prospective buyers into groups that have common needs and will respond similarly to a marketing action. Qantas have limited resources that are not possible to produce all time for all people. Qantas targeting: Qantas must use why people target few markets and how these markets are identified. Qantas do the targeting based on our market segmentation. Qantas following demographic segmentation. They are targeting middle class people to upper class people. Lower class people cannot by the economic class tickets. Qantas has got some regular customer. They travelling always and recommended some other customers. Qantas targeting the high class customer. If we keep our customer than we know what our customer needs and wants. and we want to fulfil the our customer needs. Thats why Qantas stuffs always try to make good relation with customer. Positioning of Qantas: Positioning is the art of designing the companys offering and image place in the mind of the target market. In positioning we must need to know the how we going to good position in business strategy. We must follow that customer needs and expectation. If company want to go a good position than Qantas must fulfil customer requirements. We can do the advertising campaign than our customer knows about Qantas airlines and them attractive in our airlines. We are aware of our customer how we provide our service. As type we fixing our companys reputation. TYPE OF MARKET SEGMENTATION: Geographic segmentation: This market is segmented according to geographic criteria nations, states, regions, countries, cities, neighbourhood, geographic data create a more accurate profile of Qantas airlines. Qantas provide an indication of provide according to different geographic regions.. All over the world have different type of customer. When Qantas using their geographic segmentation then we targeting which countries customer most using our Qantas airlines. For example European countries people using our airlines more than Asian people. That why we are targeted European market. We always try to keep all of customer. We provide all of good flights in European countries. Demographic Segmentation: Demographic segmentation consists of dividing the market into groups based on variables such as age, gender, family size, income, occupation, education, religion, race and nationality. Demographic segmentation variables are amongst the most popular bases for segmenting customer groups. This is partly because customer wants are closely linked to variables such as income and age. Also, there is often much more data available to help with the demographic segmentation process. In our Qantas airlines see the ages people prefer our service most. On this segmentation we saw the most of the people are over forty users. Most of are educated people. Our Qantas most users Christian religions people. One more think our most of the customer are gentle man. Different customer have different income. We using the first class, economic class, business class. Psychographic Segmentation: Psychographic depends on personal satisfaction. PsychographicsÂÂ  is the science of usingÂÂ   demographics to better understand consumers. Psychographic segmentation is divided according to their lifestyle, personality, values and social class.. Every people have different ideas and nature. Psychographic segmentation according to their opinions surveys is one tool for measuring life style includes activities interest, opinions, attitudes, values. In this segmentation our customer has different life style. Different people have different social class. For example our middle class customer uses the economic class seat and rich people using the business class. On this segmentation we provide different people different service. Behavioural Segmentation: In behavioural segmentation, consumers are divided into groups according to their knowledge of, attitude towards, use of or response to a product. It is actually based on the behaviour of the consumer. Some people have enough money. They are want some extra facility. Behavioural segmentation is based on customer behaviour toward products include (benefits sought, usage rates, brand loyalty, user status, readiness to buy, occasion). 3.2. Product service which have using Qantas airline Our company using different type of product and service. Supply chain development linked with marketing development. The value of chain development links (Shi and Makkula, 2004) to internal business development through an integrated system by using advance technology such as e-booking, e-mailing ,internal communication ,and e-marketing. Supply chain development involves external stakeholders such as suppliers ,customer ,and public interests(Christopher,1999). Collaborations very important in building the supply chain development (Todeva and Knoke, 2005).Qantas generated profits in the past three years (Yahoo Finance, 2012). The main aim of product or services to provide to gaining customer. According to Mittal ET a1 (1998), service attributes determine the level of customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and customer retaining to generate profit in an organisation. The of the Qantas provides safety and security as comfortable journey. According to Yahoo Finance (2012), Qantas operate d a fleet of 308 aircrafts to comfort its customers as at 30 June 2012.E-ticketing is facility to customers which is largely used by the Qantas management in the current market. 3.3. Qantas pricing strategy: Qantas airlines getting position to attract customer pricing strategy will support this position. Qantas offering lower pricing strategy to customers. Qantas normally change the price according number of customer. Qantas serve the customer and give them proper service. pricing strategy can attract the customer. According to Kotler (2003),a pricing strategy can increase customer attraction towards the products positioning which can generate more profit for an organisation. We using our business policy talented and professionally pricing team based in our head office make an important contribution to the effective operation in each business. Business Qualification is highly valued on this section not essential for all rules. Qantas responsible for providing support analysing and accurate maintaining pricing strategy. Qantas have low cost airlines jester airways they deal with low cost budget for customer. Qantas give them cheap price and fulfil customer requirements. 3.4. Promotional Mix: Promotional mix has two classes; personal and non-personal. personal mix who directly talking to each other, face-to-face in a meeting, or on the telephone. Customer can ask questions about the companys brands and products. On-personal promotional mix refers to publicity events and includes all print, broadcast and display tools. They provide important advice and a professional service in delivering a marketing communication campaign. Qantas promotional mix divides 5 parts: 1. Advertising 2. Sales promotion 3. Public relation 4. Sponsorship 5. Direct marketing. Advertising: Advertising is any paid-for mass communication activity. Advertising is the best which way people know our Qantas airlines. Advertising can be down throwing TV, Newspaper, build board, magazine, online, internet, poster, tourist brand publication, ambient media. When we advertised the newspaper customer get our Qantas volume discount. When people watching television they saw the advertise of Qantas airlines. People go one place to another place they saw the Qantas billboard. Our broadcast message gone throw the internet it is essential for the target customer Sales promotion: Sales promotion is marketing communication function that is adds value to brand image. When customer buy something that time using sales promotion. When company new product launches customer utilize to trial this products. Thats why product price is gone to be cheaper. In particular sales promotion must be targeted in target markets. Qantas always give their customer discount voucher offer. Promotion includes push market and pulls market strategy. Advertising Public Relation Sales promotion Sponsorship Direct marketing Public relation: Qantas want to increase their sales that are why they using the public elation tools. Qantas did their business by listening and responding positively to customer. Qantas do the long term relation with public. Current time public relation is the best way to promote Qantas products. If company wants raising their reputation than it is very important always good relation with public. The public relations role includes managing publicity aimed at financial stakeholders and political bodies, as well as promoting company image and specific brands. Direct marketing: Direct marketing means organization promote their business directly with customer. Qantas face to face conversation with their customer. What new service and products provide from Qantas they are describing that sort of part? Qantas want to give them proper motivation. If product is good than customer used it if it is not than customer dont use it Sponsorship: Sponsor can be promote business. Every year Qantas lots of customer go one place to another place. When they travelling abroad they can facing lots of problem. For example flood, tsunami can affected Qantas customer. Thats why they need to life secured position. Qantas always give them proper life insurance policy which one is good for the Qantas customer. 3.5. ORGANISATION DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY: Qantas uses the different type of distribution or market channel to provide customer convenience. Distribution strategy Qantas uses different types of method. Distribution strategy make available information to customer. Qantas do reservation and payment system. Qantas airlines uses website to increase customer purchasing power. It is good for the customer getting range of airlines choice. Wholesalers buy goods and service from producer. The internet is the latest tool of Qantas distribution strategy for target customer. Qantas using the sales promotion to direct getting the customer. We using advertising and media to promote our service. Qantas is largely involved to the network development. Supply chain development helps to speed up the distribution to the targeted audiences (Attaran and Attaran, 2007).The management acquire both direct or indirect distribution strategy to gain customer loyalty. Distribution strategy is important in the marketing development. 3.6. Marketing mix using Qantas Company Marketing mix: Marketing mix is one of the successful mixes of the right product sold at the right price in the right place using the suitable promotion. Marketing mix is the marketing condition. It is a part of marketing plan. Marketing mix is called 4Ps and 7Ps.The 4Ps are product, price, promotion, and place. Additionally added process, people and physical evidence. Marketing mix always prefer always consists of 7Ps. 7Ps include. A. Product B. Price C. Promotion D. Place E. Process F. People G. Physical evidence 3Ps extended marketing mix: A high level of quality service can gain customer satisfaction and customer retention. A good service quality can increase customer loyalty that allows the management to gain profit (Heskett et a1., 1994).Marketing mix strategy should be acquired an organisation to promote products and services to gain profits. Marketing 3Ps People Process Physical evidence The 3Ps extended marketing mix strategy strength its marketing positioning. These strategies are people, process and physical evidence (Chaffely 2007).Therefore, customer service is an important part in the airline industry. Qantas provide good customer service and stuff training to increase their skills. As claimed by Maslow and Lowery (1998), stuff basis needs should be fulfilled before can motivate them to improve service quality. People: Stuff is the most important person for Qantas airlines. So recruiting the right stuff in a right position and properly trained them. Qantas stuff has proper knowledge, skills, capacity that they provide good service to our customer. People are referred to internal marketing which relates to stuff communication. Qantas always trained their stuff and give feedback which way they giving the proper customer service. Process: Process is the service of organization delivering the professionally to our Qantas valuable customer. Qantas make their product systematically thats why Qantas customer easily find out what ever their need. Qantas need always provide good service on right way. Qantas always getting customer feedback. If customer unhappy for our service then we want to give them proper service. Physical evidence: Physical evidence is the element of service which allows the customer make judgments on the organization. People like always clean and nice environment. If customer walk into the Qantas organization than they see the Qantas airline is clean and environment friendly. Task Three Marketing Research: Marketing research is the aspects of business environment determine economic market demand for existing product. It is helps to better understand how to attract or retain customer to business. Marketing research process defines marketing opportunity and problems observe marketing action and findings the solution to management. Marketing research controlled all of information about customers. It is important for business strategy. This process generate and evaluate marketing action specifies the information required for collecting information. Marketing research provide planning to the market stages. There have five stage of marketing research Research design development Problem definition Data collection Report presentation Data analysis First stage problem define Marketing research clearly defined objectives or find out real problem of Qantas airlines. A clear and written objective helps business owners avoid the real problem. A useful research market should declare problem that needed the research and it is importance. In this stage marketing researcher of Qantas airlines find out marketing research problem has to find out the problem that needs to be investigating. In this stage they do the environment is needed to formulate research problem that is related. So marketing research identify the problem and identification of the specific. A useful research should declare the specific problem necessities the research and its importance. Second stage -research design development The marketing research design what research methods for collecting data of Qantas airlines and which are most suitable for addressing problem set. The methods will depend on how suitable for addressing the problem set. There are two types of marketing research: Quantitative research Qualitative research Quantitative Research: It is interested in quantifying (number) and analysing the responses of a representative sample. Surveys and questionnaires Testing and experimentation Qualitative Research: It is based on quality of Qantas airlines. Qualitative research find out what type of quality service provide Qantas airlines. Focus group (regular customer) Depth interviews (finding travel problem) Mystery shopping (third party to check your service) Qantas airlines marketing manager might use Surveys and questionnaires Third stage Data collection In this stage, we need to collect data. Marketing research involves two type of data research. Primary data sources, Secondary data sources. Secondary resource should be the first line of collecting data when conducting marketing research. They are widely available and often inexpensive. If secondary data dont have objectives the researcher must collect data. Although Primary data fits more research objectives, data collection can be costly and time consuming. Because he need data to find out the problems. There are two types of data collection source. Primary research data Secondary research data Primary research data: Primary research data specifically designed to address the problem identified. The process is collecting the original data about the market. The research carried out after getting some knowledge from the companies. This process of research can be done by the marketer or can be person which specializes in these type of surveys. Primary research is not carried out organizations generally depend of secondary sources for information. Advantages of primary research data: Primary research is very good for addressing the actual problem. It is shows that Qantas airlines problems and identifies the Qantas error. Primary market research finds data regarding specific market. Researcher collecting data and examined their own needs. The organisation complete control the process and the research as far as its objective is connected. Research company can be asked find data regarding specific market rather than on mass market. Primary research finds out some relation with current situation of Qantas. Primary data using accurate tools which is good for the Qantas airline. Collector of primary data is the owner of that information and he need not share it with other companies and competitors. Disadvantages of primary research data: Primary research is expensive for data collection. Collecting Qantas data using costly proposition primary research as marketer has to be involved. Researcher need to design everything. Primary research is long time process. Because of nature of Qantas the time required to do research accurately is very long as compared to secondary data. Primary research need to large number of human resource, data collection and surveys. Secondary research data: Researcher of Qantas airlines probably check existing secondary resource become familiarized basic characteristics of this market. We might invented that some of information we need has been already collected. This process involves accessing information that is originator or a distributor of primary market research. Secondary research includes collecting information from third-party such as Qantas websites, Qantas sales and accounting records, magazine articles and Qantas marketers report. Customer doesnt directly join with us. They using third-party information and decided what they want to do. Customer also can find out any previously information used by the marketer from any internal or external source. Advantages of secondary research data: Easy to collecting secondary data. This includes the relative case of access to many sources of secondary data. Qantas with the availability of online access and secondary research used on that research.. Qantas offers convenience and generally usages methods for all sources of secondary research. Secondary research is low costly than the other research. This data has allowed researchers access to valuable information for no cost to acquire. Secondary research more openly assessed. Secondary research is often priority to define briefly for an organisation. Secondary data help to research question. It can be help the researcher clarify questions. It is already done and got the result. Disadvantages of secondary research data: The quality of secondary research can be poor. Sometimes secondary research cant find researchers needs. Secondary data is not same as running market. It is not relevant the current market situation. Fourth stages data analysis: After collecting all of data we need to decide what method of analysis we used to make sense of data. We can take help from other experienced airline to observe the data whatever we collected. Data analysis stage is very important because we need to find out existing problem. Data analysis summarizing the response for each question for every participant. All summery calculate as determining the most comfortable answer can provide an overview of the survey information. Faster calculation vary to according sampling method used to obtain data. Data analysis can provide additional insight ,such as the two difference respondents. Final stages-report presentation: This is the final stage of marketing research process, its includes copying, coding, organizing, interpreting and verify the data collected. In this stage report